Long before the pandemic, economies across the world were in trouble, with growth slowing across the board. This downturn further exacerbated growing inequality and social exclusion, and coincided with rising political dissatisfaction with ruling elites which has fuelled the rise of populism. Add to this the alarming environmental emergency and few could deny we live in a time of multiple sustainability crises. While this conclusion can lead to despair, in this broad-ranging book leading development policy analyst Raphael Kaplinsky argues that the future is not necessarily bleak. Interrogating the causes and nature of the systemic crises we are living through, he shows how the challenges which we now face mirror previous historical epochs in which dominant ‘techno-economic’ paradigms flourish, mature and run into crisis. In each case, decisive action is required to move to a more economically and socially sustainable world. In our time, we are witnessing the exhaustion of the Mass Production paradigm. How we herald and manage the transition to the next – that of information and communication technologies – will define our capacity to build a more sustainable, equitable and environmentally conscious world. This book sets out an integrated agenda for action by multiple stakeholders to achieve this end.